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Unit Weight of Concrete

Plain concrete with stone aggregate weighs 2,240 to 2,400 kg/m³ (22.0 to 23.5 kN/m³) by IS 875, and reinforced concrete 2,310 to 2,700 kg/m³ depending on the steel. For load calculations IS 456 uses 24 kN/m³ for plain and 25 kN/m³ for reinforced concrete.

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Mass, volume and densitySolving for mass1 m³mass 2,400 kgdensity 2.400 g/cm³ (t/m³)myconstructioncalculator.com
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Mass
2,400kg
Unit weight23.54 kN/m³
Density2.400 g/cm³ (t/m³)
Density149.8 lb/ft³
Mass in tonnes2.400 t
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Working
  1. m = ρ × V = 2,400 kg/m³ × 1 m³ = 2,400 kg
  2. Unit weight γ = ρ × g = 2,400 kg/m³ × 9.81 ÷ 1,000 = 23.54 kN/m³
Results are estimates for planning and material ordering only. They are not a substitute for structural design or approval by a qualified engineer. Read the full disclaimer.
Unit Weight of Concrete


From IS 875 (Part 1):1987 Table 1.






Material
Unit weight
Density






Plain concrete, sand and gravel or crushed stone aggregate
22.00 to 23.50 kN/m³
2,240 to 2,400 kg/m³




Reinforced concrete, 1% steel
22.75 to 24.20 kN/m³
2,310 to 2,470 kg/m³




Reinforced concrete, 2% steel
23.25 to 24.80 kN/m³
2,370 to 2,530 kg/m³




Reinforced concrete, 5% steel
24.80 to 26.50 kN/m³
2,530 to 2,700 kg/m³




IS 456 design value, plain
24 kN/m³
(load value) kg/m³




IS 456 design value, reinforced
25 kN/m³
(load value) kg/m³






To convert: kN/m³ = kg/m³ × 9.81 ÷ 1,000; lb/ft³ = kg/m³ × 0.0624.


Worked Example


The weight of 2.5 m³ of concrete:


    

  1. Mass = 2.5 × 2,400 = 6,000 kg
    2. 

  2. Weight = 6,000 × 9.81 ÷ 1,000 = 58.9 kN
    3. 



More Unit Weights of Materials
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does IS 456 use 24 and 25 kN/m³?
They are round values for working out dead loads (IS 456 cl. 19.2.1). They sit at the top of the IS 875 ranges, so the load is not underestimated.
What is the unit weight of concrete in lb/ft³?
About 145 to 150 lb/ft³ for normal-weight concrete: 2,400 kg/m³ is 149.8 lb/ft³. Lightweight concrete can be 90 to 115 lb/ft³.
How much does 1 m³ of concrete weigh?
About 2.4 tonnes for plain concrete and 2.5 tonnes for reinforced concrete. A 6 m³ truck of concrete therefore carries about 14 to 15 tonnes.
References
  • IS 875 (Part 1):1987 Table 1 (unit weights of building materials)
  • IS 456:2000 cl. 19.2.1: 24 kN/m³ plain, 25 kN/m³ reinforced concrete for dead loads